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Produkce, spotřeba a výše daně z piva v zemích EU
Pernička, Lukáš
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to verify the existence of the state protectionism of domestic consumption or beer production in the countries of the European Union. The most used method in the thesis was comparison, as well as the method of inter-pretation, analogy or description. First, I collected data in the form of rates of beer taxes, beer production and consumption in individual countries. Furthermore, using correlation and regression analyses, I evaluated the dependence of consumption on the tax level and the dependence of the output on the tax level. Then I evaluated the results and drew conclusions. The first result of my work is that there is no depend-ence between beer consumption and beer tax rate. I cannot prove the existence of protectionism of beer consumption. Furthermore, I have proven the independence between production and the rate of beer tax. The protectionism of the country's beer production in the countries of the European Union cannot be proved either. In the final part of my thesis, I have described the probable causes of my result. By exten-sion of the study area, it is possible to get better-reaching outcomes.
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Produkce, spotřeba a míra zdanění lihu v zemích EU
Halama, Lukáš
The bachelor thesis deals with a dependence between consumption and production of spirits and excise tax. Based on this, the thesis examines the occurrence of protectionism in European union which means protection of domestic production and consumption of spirit products against the foreign one. For evaluation of annual changes in excise taxation was chosen period between years 2005 and 2014. Within European union was the dependence researched by regress analysis for year 2013. Because of invariable excise rates was this approach also chosen for testing Finland and Malta for theirs significant changes rates in followed period. Occurrence of protectionism was detected due to testing mentioned above in Finland and Malta. Even though these conclusions were not verified by europe-wide research in 2013.
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Protekcionismus spotřební daně z alkoholických nápojů v zemích EU
Hýbl, David
The diploma thesis is focused on excise duties of alcoholic beverages including beer, wine and other spirits in the European Union. Duties rates are explained using three regressive models of consumption, production of alcoholic beverages and economic level of Member states. None of the models confirms duties rates are related to consumption or production; on the other side excise duties raise in case of increasing economic level. There were identified few states with prerequisites for protectionism based on research of Member states. This regards beer in Czechia, Germany, Belgium and Lithuania; wine in case of Slovenia, Portugal and Italy; spirits in Cyprus. In these states are more advantageous conditions in consumption and production of alcoholic beverages, although unconsciously or unin-tendedly embedded, than among other Member states.
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Economic impact of protectionist measures
Wang, Jinliang ; Jakubík, Petr (advisor) ; Dědek, Oldřich (referee)
Protectionism has become a hot topic in these years. Based on the data of China-U.S. trade war, this thesis explores the economic impact of protectionism on United States. The effect of U.S. protectionist measures on imports value, welfare change and employment has been estimated and the result shows although trade protection could bring benefits to the U.S. in the short term, it will cause substantial welfare losses to U.S. residents. JEL Classification F1 Keywords protectionism, imports, welfare, employment Author's e-mail 98771754@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's e-mail petrjakubik@seznam.cz
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Foreign trade relations between the Czech Republic and Spain
KNOZ, Oldřich
The principal topic of this bachelor's thesis is an issue of foreign trade relationship between the Czech Republic and Spain. The main target of thesis is evaluate a development of foreign trade between the Czech Republic and Spain and define main factors that affect this trade relationship. The theoretical part of the thesis inquires into theory of international trade, defining of basic terms and organisations and treaties which is being related to international trade on the basis of literary research. The practical part of the thesis is engaged in factors of the Czech foreign trade, Spanish foreign trade, mutual foreign trade and factors which is affecting mutual foreign trade. In the conclusion all facts about development of bilateral foreign trade between the Czech republic and Spain are summarized. The thesis also including summary in English and Spanish language.
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Anti-crisis measures of the Czechoslovak government in agriculture in the 30s of the 20th century
Hans, Martin ; Szobi, Pavel (advisor) ; Jakubec, Ivan (referee)
This work is mainly focused especially on impacts of the Great Depression in the 30s of the 20th century on agriculture and analyses of anti-crisis measures by the Czechoslovak government, which was aimed to mitigate them. The first part deals with the basic characteristic of protectionism and some of its principal manifestations of economic policy in Czechoslovakia until the outbreak of Great Depression in agriculture in 1928 and also provides a brief description of the basic development trends in agriculture during this period. The second part focuses on basic manifestations of the Great Depression in agriculture. The third part describes and analyses the most important anti-crisis measures of the government in agriculture with emphasis on their impact on profitability and price indexes. The main hypothesis of this work that the agricultural crisis measures were effective and the problems in agriculture has managed to resolve until the end of the so-called First republics was refuted on the basis of an analysis of available statistical data and study of professional sources.
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Strategic Trade Policy in Defence and Security Industry
Neumannová, Pavla ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Jiránková, Martina (referee)
The master thesis is devoted to a nontraditional, however, in the todays world to a very current topic, arms industry and its support. The thesis connects the theoretical concept of the strategic trade policy (defined by P. Krugman or J. Brander) to its practical interpretation and application in the defence and security industry. The first chapter explains the strategic trade policy using the Brander Spencer analysis. The topic of the second chapter is strategic industries and this chapter answers the question whether the defence and security industry is a strategic industry or not. The third chapter analyses the possibilities of the support of DSI and compares approaches of different EU member states. The last chapter is devoted to the solution of this problem. The main contribution of this thesis is a new interpretation of the strategic trade policy, analysis of the importance of the defence and security industry and its support and suggestion of practical measures for Czech companies and for the Czech Ministry of Defence.
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Foreign Trade Impacts on Economy - Case Study of Peru
Anton Castro, Jorge Alonso ; Maitah, Mansoor (advisor) ; Malec, Karel (referee)
This thesis analyses the impact of foreign trade on the Peruvian economy by empirical study in the development of exports and imports and the mutual influence of GDP development on it, with the intention to ascertain to what extent the trade liberalization was beneficial. The work is divided into two main parts. The theoretical bases include an overview of the basic concepts of international trade, definitions and causes. Basic and alternative theories are stated as well. It follows a brief explanation of commercial policy and its main instruments. Next chapter fully dedicated to Peru is distributed in three parts and presents general information about the country, its main economic characteristics, the development of its commercial policies relating to foreign trade and the process of liberalization of the Peruvian economy since the fifties until today. After that, a section that focuses on GDP growth in the last fifteen years is presented. The last part of this chapter aims exclusively at foreign trade. Here is accomplished an analysis of the evolution over time of exports and imports classified by sector. In addition, Peru agreements with other trading partners are briefly presented.
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Does development aid harm?
Hanáková, Eva ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Procházka, Pavel (referee)
A model of development aid, which has been known for more than 50 years is clearly ineffective in Sub-Saharan Africa. This is because such assistance demonstrably negatively affects local governments and strongly contributes to the proliferation of corruption and deterioration of the elements od democracy. The theory of the vicious circle of poverty as one of the main arguments of the proponents of this aid is refuted in the thesis and replaced by the theory of the vicious circle of political instability, which is associated with that governments and their policies. It is necessary tu support a citizens' initiative, which will seek the establishment of democratic institutions, not governments, which are responsible for poverty of their country. Development aid is not the only thing that harms poor countries. Less visible, but with a strong negative effect there are protectionist measures in the form of non-tariff barriers, the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU and its export subsidies, or debt relief of bad governemtns. The failure of these policies are so fundamental that the best advice would probably be to end the government subsidies for poor countries and a focus on small development projects helping specific people, instead of grand plans and aid volumes sounding into space.
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Protecionism of Latin American Countries in the Time of an Economic Crisis
Kurečková, Anna ; Hnát, Pavel (advisor) ; De Castro, Tereza (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the change in response of Latin American governments to the economic crisis and thus the change in the character of protectionist measures applied. How do the means of the protection of domestic market change? How does the financial globalization reflect in the Latin American protectionism? What are the further perspectives of the development of Latin American countries? The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter examines the forms of protectionism in the reaction to economic crisis of the 20th century. Firstly, it presents Latin America as a traditionally protectionist region in the period of the import substitution industrialization, secondly it focuses on governments' reactions to the cyclic crises of the 80s and 90s that were caused by the liberalization of the capital accounts and high sensitivity of Latin American economies to the sudden stop on financial markets. The second chapter is devoted to the current global economic crisis. It analyses the means of trade and financial protectionism. Simultaneously, it compares the protectionist measures used to the ones employed in previous periods. The final part of the thesis explores further perspectives of Latin American regionalism and improved macroeconomic stability of Latin American economies.
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